Heerlen
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Limburg 1940-1945,
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1940-1945. The resistance in the dutch province of Limburg

Heerlen


Giel Berix
,
Districtschef LO
Wikimedia


St. Josefziekenhuis Heerlen

Karel van Berckel

Chef de clinique
Wikimedia
https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/1411782#map=10/50.8763/5.9713

The Heerlen district of the L.O. consisted of eight rayons (sub-districts) in 1943 and nine in early 1944:

  1. Rayon Heerlen, led by Jan Cornips and vicar Jan Keulen until January 1944, then only Keulen and from March J. Seelen and A.J. Derks respectively.
  2. Hoensbroek, led by vicar W.H. Hermans.
  3. Kerkrade, Theo Goossen
  4. Ubach over Worms, father Ch. Fréhen
  5. Brunssum, father Willem van der Geest
  6. Geleen-Beek, H. Smeets
  7. Klimmen, Bep van Kooten
  8. Valkenburg, Pierre Schunck
  9. Sittard,Mathieu Corbeij

The first district chief was vicar Giel Berix

Source: Dr. Fred Cammaert, Het Verborgen Front, chapt. VIb $VIII: De L.O.-districten

Heerlen was the seat of the LO district of the same name. St. Joseph Hospital, under the direction of Chef de Clinique Karel van Berckel, played a prominent role as headquarters. The fire chief Charles Bongaerts was “of course“ often found there.
The City Heerlen was an example of how resistance groups worked well together. They did not get along well at first, if they knew each other at all, because of the strong social compartmentalization (called pillarization) in those days. They came from very different backgrounds:

  • The mostly conservative ex-soldiers like Smit and Bongaerts, who resisted out of national considerations. They were active early on, but were also discovered relatively early by the occupiers.
  • The Catholics, who had organized themselves in the LO and the KP ( commando group). From 1943, they were by far the largest resistance organization in the mining district, but also in Limburg in general. The most important district leader of the LO of Heerlen was Giel Berix, vicar at the Pancratius Church, Heerlen’s main church.
  • The Reformed, such as rev. Pontier and Jaap Musch, who were especially active in the rescue of Jews and especially Jewish children.
  • The Communists, a cohesive group, many of them miners, who increasingly collaborated with other groups such as the LO. In proportion to the number of their members, the resistance group with the most fatalities.
  • The Social Democrats had no resistance group of their own, with the exception of the RVV, which was quite insignificant in Limburg. Worked, among others, in the team of Father Beatus.

One of the greatest networkers who succeeded in getting all these conflicting groups to work together was the Franciscan Gerard van Beckhoven, better known as Father Beatus. He and his circle of people from all these groups formed the cement of this collaboration.
An important place for all these activities was the St. Josef hospital, also known as Putgraaf Hospital, where the chirurgian and hospital director Karel van Berckel and the nuns were in charge.


Liberated: 1944-09-17

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Heerlen was and is the center of the eastern part of the Dutch mining district. During the war the mines were still in full operation and they were of great importance for the supply of electricity, but also for the railroads and thus for the Germans. As a result, many young men, who did not want to go to Germany to work, could stay here legally. But there were also many people in hiding working in the mines, with false papers, because they were not watched so closely.
See also The strikes of April-May 1943.
Visit the Jewish memorial, Akerstraat, 6411GV, Heerlen. Originally, the memorial plaque was placed on the inside of the balcony above the entrance of the synagogue in Stationsstraat. After the sale of the synagogue to the pharmacy Ritsen, the plaque was moved to the Jewish cemetery.

The fallen resistance people in Limburg

Heerlen – 47 pers.

Beckhoven, van
Gerardus Lambertus Johannes
Gerard “Pater Beatus”
∗ 1899-09-21
Amsterdam
† 1945-03-20
Bergen-Belsen
- The clergy - Initial resistance - Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Local contacts - Ondergrondse pers - Aid to Jews - Aid to escaped POW’s - Pilots’ helpers - People in hiding - Heerlen -

Gerard van Beckhoven or Father Beatus van Beckhoven OFM was kapelaan (vicar) in Heerlen at the rectorate church of St. Francis on the Laanderstraat in Heerlen [1] and there he became a …
More in our story Resistance in Valkenburg
wall: left, row 15-02
Beers, van
Adrianus Hubertus
∗ 1895-09-24
Wamel
† 1942-08-31
KZ Groß-Rosen
- Initial resistance - Heerlen - Communists & Sympathizers -

Scaffolder, helped to bring refugees across the border. Arrested on June 24, 1941. Eventually he ended up in the Nacht und Nebel [1] concentration camp in Gross-Rosen [2], where …

wall: middel, row 05-02
Bensen,
Guillaume Hubert
Giel
∗ 1911-09-02
Maastricht
† 1998-03-05
Heerlen
- Ondergrondse pers - Pilots’ helpers - Knokploegen (K.P.) - Survivors - Heerlen -

Data van geboorte en overlijden zijn gevonden op geni.com. [1] Foto op ouweleem.nl [2] Giel Bensen was hoofdinspecteur van de mijnpolitie bij de Oranje Nassau …

This person is not (yet?) listed on the walls of the chapel.
Bensen-Offermans,
Anna Maria
Antje
∗ 1902-09-11
Heerlen
† 1970-02-01
Heerlen
- Pilots’ helpers - Knokploegen (K.P.) - Intelligence - Women in the resistance - Survivors - Heerlen -

Antje Bensen-Offermans said at her farewell as a midwife, resistance work had been for her a phase in her life. She did not like to be reminded of it. See quote below. She was a sister-in-law of

This person is not (yet?) listed on the walls of the chapel.
Berckel, van
Karel Clemens
Karel
∗ 1892-08-19
Delft
† 1944-09-05
Kamp Vught
- Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Knokploegen (K.P.) - Ondergrondse pers - Aid to Jews - Pilots’ helpers - Heerlen - Verzetsherdenkingskruis -

Detailed information about the surgeon Karel van Berckel [1.1] can be found on the website of the National Memorial Camp Vught [1.2], where he was murdered. The following is an excerpt …

More in our story Resistance in Valkenburg
wall: left, row 15-03
Berix,
Jan Willem
Giel
∗ 1907-04-12
Meers
† 1945-03-13
Bergen-Belsen
- Initial resistance - Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Heerlen - People in hiding - The clergy -

Since september 10, 1933, Giel Berix was a kapelaan (in the Netherlands a term for Roman Catholic auxiliary parish priests, vicars. In Belgium they are also called Onderpastoor) at St. …

More in our story Resistance in Valkenburg
wall: left, row 15-04
Betuw, van
Johannes Petrus Maria
Jan “Jules”
∗ 1923-08-08
Eygelshoven
† 2015-03-13
Heerlen
- Couriers of the Resistance - Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Heerlen - Survivors - Verzetsherdenkingskruis -

During the war, Jan van Betuw was a bus driver and courier in the LO district of Heerlen under the pseudonym Jules. In this capacity, he narrowly escaped arrest in early 1944 during a check on …

More in our story Resistance in Valkenburg
Bongaerts,
Charles Marie Hubert Joseph
Charles
∗ 1909-08-07
Venlo
† 1944-11-23
KZ Ladelund, KZ Neuengamme
- Police - Ordedienst (O.D.) - Aid to escaped POW’s - Pilots’ helpers - Ondergrondse pers - Netwerk Bongaerts - Initial resistance - Heerlen -

Married to Trees (Theresa) Dahmen. In 1940 Charles was a reserve officer in the Dutch army and during the five day battle of the Netherlands he fought on the so called “Grebbenberg Line”, that …

wall: left, row 16-01
Cornips,
Constant Jozef Ernest
Constant
∗ 1895-09-19
Berg en Terblijt,
† 1944-09-05
Kamp Vught
- Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Aid to Jews - Pilots’ helpers - Aid to escaped POW’s - Berg en Terblijt - Heerlen - Verzetsherdenkingskruis -

More complicated need of clothing used to be regulated by the director of the municipal social welfare office, Mr Cornips, with me. He was very competent for this due to his …
More in our story Resistance in Valkenburg
wall: left, row 17-01
Cornips,
Johannes Hubertus Antonius Ernest
Jan
∗ 1921-02-14
Heerlen
† 1987-10-27
Maastricht
- Studenten - Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Survivors - Heerlen - Verzetsherdenkingskruis -

Cammaert wrote about Jan Cornips: Heerlen, student. Played an important role in the L.O. district of Heerlen, later also at provincial level. [1] He studied economics …
Crijns,
Th.G.W.B.M.
Theo /Ferdinand
∗ 1923-05-18
Kerkrade
† 2019-03-13
Blaricum
- Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Couriers of the Resistance - Aid to Jews - Survivors - Heerlen -

When Theo Crijns graduated from Bernardinus College in Heerlen, the war was already raging. As he was unable to go to university, he joined the LO as a courier through
Dost,
Mans
∗ 1905-12-10
Onstwedde
† 1942-11-12
Neuengamme
- Initial resistance - Heerlen - Ondergrondse pers - Communists & Sympathizers -

Worker in a factory, liaison man for the party newspaper De Waarheid. In the card index Limburg [1] of the CPN (Communistische Partij Nederland) his last name is written Dorst, but …
wall: middel, row 06-01
Driessen,
P.F.A.
Pierre “Kees”
∗ 
- Aid to Jews - Knokploegen (K.P.) - Dutch Soldiers - Survivors - Heerlen -

The machine constructor Pierre Driessen, also called Piet, was addressed within the resistance by the pseudonym Kees. [1] At the Oranje Nassau mines, a well-organized resistance group …

More in our story Resistance in Valkenburg

This person is not (yet?) listed on the walls of the chapel.
Erkens,
Pieter Mathijs
Math.
∗ 1892-07-29
Schinnen
† 1944-11-19
Neuengamme
- Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Heerlen -

Pieter Mathijs Erkens was director of the brick factory N.V. Beckers-Koten’s Steenfabriek in Heerlen since 30 January 1934. During the war years 1940-1945 the factory did not …
wall: left, row 16-02
Förster,
Maria Anna Clara
Mies
∗ 1915-11-16
Helmond
† 1945-03-18
Heerlen
- Women in the resistance - Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Couriers of the Resistance - Heerlen -

Nurse, assistant to the medical examiner at the municipal employment office in Heerlen. "She saved numerous approved persons from being sent to Germany for forced labour by changing medical …

This person is not (yet?) listed on the walls of the chapel.04-11
Gerards,
Wilhelm
Willi
∗ 1907-11-04
Bottrop (D)
† 1942-07-24
Heerlen
- Ondergrondse pers - Heerlen - Communists & Sympathizers -

Wilhelm Gerards was born in Bottrop (D) to parents from Heerlen and had Dutch citizenship since birth. His father was a miner there. When he was less than two years old, his parents returned to …

wall: middel, row 07-01
Groot, de
Jozef Geurt
Jef
∗ 1916-09-13
Heerlen
† 1979-10-30
Heerlen
- Initial resistance - Ondergrondse pers - Netwerk Bongaerts - People in hiding - Intelligence - Knokploegen (K.P.) - Dutch Soldiers - Survivors - Heerlen -

De data van geboorte en sterven van Sjef / Jef de Groot staan op zijn bidprentje [1] Tijdens de oorlog was hij ambtenaar van de staatsmijnen in Heerlen. [2] Cammaert schrijft over …

This person is not (yet?) listed on the walls of the chapel.
Janssen,
Joseph Jean Elise
Sjef
∗ 1923-01-13
Heerlen
† 1943-03-29
Hamburg-Neuengamme
- Initial resistance - Group Smit - Dutch-Paris - Heerlen -

Sjef Janssen was an office employee of a mine [1.1], a member of the Smits group and of the international resistance group and escape line Dutch-Paris [2], as were his uncle Joseph …

wall: left, row 15-05
Keulen,
Jan Joseph
“Jantje”
∗ 1917-11-12
Brunssum
† 2012-07-26
Heerlen
- The clergy - Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Survivors - Heerlen -

Jan Keulen grew up in Bingelrade. He was called Jantje in the resistance. Jan Keulen became vicar at St. Pancratius parish in Heerlen in 1943. He was asked by his colleague
Kleine Zusters van de Hl. Joseph,

∗ 
- The clergy - Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Aid to Jews - Pilots’ helpers - Women in the resistance - Heerlen -

The St. Joseph Hospital on the Putgraaf [1] in Heerlen during the occupation was firmly in the hands of the resistance and in particular the aid organization for people in hiding LO. This was …

Konieczny /Koniecny,
Edmund (Ed)
∗ 1912-10-02
Lünen (D)
† 1944-09-08
Berg en Terblijt
- Local contacts - Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Heerlen -

Edmund Konieczny lived in Heerlen and was an interpreter and sworn translator. His parents were born in Poland. Member of LO-Heerlen. Konieczny, who practiced the profession of …
wall: left, row 16-03
Kuypers,
Johannes Wilhelmus
Jan
∗ 1924-07-08
Heerlerheide
† 1945-01-26
Hauptlager Neuengamme
- People in hiding - Forced Labor - Heerlen -

Kuypers or Kuijpers? The population department of his hometown Heerlen writes on November 29, 1051: Kuypers. [1#4] So that’s how his name appears on the wall of the resistance …
wall: left, row 17-02
Lubben,
Johan Herman
Johan
∗ 1893-10-24
Enschede
† 1944-12-07
Bergen-Belsen
- Ondergrondse pers - Communists & Sympathizers - Heerlen -

Johan Lubben was a miner. Last place of residence: Heerlerheide. The picturee and all of the following information can be found on scans posted by a family member at …
wall: middel, row 07-02
Molenaar,
Franciscus Johannes
∗ 1901-08-23
Den Haag
† 1978-10-30
Den Haag
- Ordedienst (O.D.) - Netwerk Bongaerts - Aid to escaped POW’s - Pilots’ helpers - Ondergrondse pers - Survivors - Heerlen -

The above information and the death notice on the right are from geni.com. Click on the link under it to see it in full resolution. The accompanying text reads: Molenaar …

This person is not (yet?) listed on the walls of the chapel.
Musch,
Jacob Philip
Jaap
∗ 1913-03-08
Amsterdam
† 1944-09-07
Ommen
- People in hiding - NV - Aid to Jews - Heerlen - Brunssum -

Jaap and Gerard Musch did their resistance work on the basis of their Christian beliefs. Jaap moved from Amsterdam to Heerlen on September 9, 1942 in connection with his resistance …


This person is not (yet?) listed on the walls of the chapel.04-22
Nicolas,
Carolus Maria Joseph Antonius Franciscus
Charles
∗ 1895-03-24
Roermond
† 1990-08-07
Beesel
- Ordedienst (O.D.) - Intelligence - Dutch Soldiers - Survivors - Heerlen -

The above information on the birth and death of Charles Nicolas can be found on geni.com [1] Charles Nicolas had already had a career as a professional soldier and …

This person is not (yet?) listed on the walls of the chapel.
Ploeg, van der
Hendrik
Herman
∗ 1890-11-27
Leeuwarden
† 1944-04-24
Heerlen
- Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Aid to Jews - Heerlen -

Photo: family archive Hendrik van der Ploeg left home at the age of 14 (his parents were alcoholics) and lived in Belgium where he became a …

This person is not (yet?) listed on the walls of the chapel.
Pontier,
Gerard Jacobus
Gerard
∗ 1888-01-25
Breda
† 1976-09-11
Baarn
- The clergy - Aid to Jews - NV - Ondergrondse pers - Survivors - Heerlen -

The following information comes largely from an article about Gerard Pontier in Het Land van Herle by Marcel Crutzen. There you will also find a photograph from the collection of the …

Prompers,
Nicolaas Maria Hubertus
Nic
∗ 1908-11-05
Sint Geertruid
† 2003-09-21
Gulpen
- Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Heerlen - The clergy - Survivors - Verzetsherdenkingskruis -

During one of the first days of September 1943, at the home of Rector Nic Prompers in the hospital, the L.O. district Heerlen was established. Prompers became the first district leader, but for …

More in our story Resistance in Valkenburg
Quint,
Johannes Wilhelmus
Wim
∗ 1910-09-18
Lithoijen
† 1978-08-10
Berg & Terblijt
- Initial resistance - Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Civil Servants - Ordedienst (O.D.) - Netwerk Bongaerts - Ondergrondse pers - Aid to Jews - Pilots’ helpers - Survivors - Heerlen - Brunssum - Berg en Terblijt -

On the occasion of his copper jubilee as mayor of Brunssum, the Nieuwe Limburg wrote on May 30, 1959: “After high school he attended the school for reserve officers of the …

This person is not (yet?) listed on the walls of the chapel.
Ramakers,
Victor Leo Servaas
Servaas
∗ 1906-04-23
Schinnen
† 1945-03-09
Bergen-Belsen
- Heerlen - Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Local contacts - The clergy -

Vicar in Heerlerheide. Arrested by the Landwacht on August 18, 1944. [1][2] In his file at the OGS (Dutch War Graves Foundation) we read: Because of his commitment to people …
wall: left, row 16-04
Rinzema /Rensema,
Sjoerd
∗ 1909-02-28
Drachten
† 1945-06-01
Maastricht
- Ondergrondse pers - Heerlen - Communists & Sympathizers -

Sjoerd Rinzema was a baker [1#12] and miner [1#2] and had lived in Heerlen since August 4, 1930. [1#3] According to almost all sources, e.g. oorlogsgravenstichting.nl/ [6] …

wall: middel, row 08-01
Rooyackers /Rooijackers,
Wilhelmus Antonius
Wim
∗ 1918-03-13
Heerlen
† 1944-09-05
Vught
- Police - Initial resistance - Aid to escaped POW’s - Knokploegen (K.P.) - Ondergrondse pers - Heerlen -

Wim Rooyackers was a trade correspondent and a member of the mine police. Almost from the beginning of the war he was involved with prisoners of war who had escaped from German camps. [1][2#3] …

wall: left, row 17-03
Savelsberg,
Reinier
Harry
∗ 1895-04-27
Schaesberg
† 1943-05-02
Wellerlooi (Bergen [L])
- Heerlen - April-Mei-stakingen, 1943 -

Reinier Savelsberg was an electrician at the state mine Oranje-Nassau III. He participated in the April May strike of 1943. On the night of May 1 to 2, 1943,
wall: left, row 17-04
Schiphorst,
Thomas Adrianus Maria
Tom
∗ 1923-01-01
Heerlen
† 1945-03-09
Mauthausen
- Ondergrondse pers - Pilots’ helpers - Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Knokploegen (K.P.) - Studenten - Heerlen - Nijmegen -

Tom Schiphorst lived at Paddepoelscheweg 15 in Nijmegen, took care of people in hiding and distributed illegal magazines. He also hid an American pilot. Member of the LO-Maas & …
wall: left, row 18-01
Schunck,
Peter Joseph Arnold
Pierre “Paul Simons”
∗ 1906-03-24
Heerlen
† 1993-02-02
Kerkrade
- Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Heerlen - Valkenburg - Aid to Jews - Intelligence - Survivors - BS (Domestic Forces) - Verzetsherdenkingskruis -

Founder and leader of the “rayon” (subdistrict) of the L.O. in Valkenburg, under the alias of “Paul”. He was also a member of the ID18 …
More in our story Resistance in Valkenburg
Schutte,
Jacob
∗ 1920-12-01
Heerlen
† 1944-12-31
Neuengamme
- Heerlen -

Jacob Schutte was a miner. According to vriendenkringneuengamme.nl [1] he was arrested on August 04, 1944 as a member of the LO Heerlen, was in the concentration camp Amersfoort until September …

wall: left, row 18-02
Sikkes,
Hendrik
∗ 1894-11-24
Gaasterland
† 1945-05-31
Bergen-Belsen
- Aid to People in Hiding L.O. - Aid to Jews - Heerlen - Verzetsherdenkingskruis -

Miner and helper of Jews, born November 24, 1894 in Mirns en Bakhuizen (in Gaasterland, Frisia). Married Marijke Teernstra on May 17, 1924 in Gaasterland. Despite their relative poverty, on May …

wall: left, row 18-03
Sluijmers,
Leendert L.
∗ 1922-01-03
Heerlen
† 1945-03-03
Hamburg-Neuengamme
- People in hiding - Forced Labor - Heerlen -

Leendert Sluijmers was a car mechanic [1#3][1#8] and car welder [1#5]. He was arrested on July 25, 1944 for shirking forced labor (euphemistically called Arbeitseinsatz, labor …
wall: left, row 19-01
Smit,
Joseph
Sef
∗ 1916-09-09
Roermond
† 1942-09-17
Amsterdam
- Initial resistance - Group Smit - Police - Heerlen - Intelligence -

Sef Smit from Roermond was before the war a professional sergeant in the 13th Infantry Regiment. [1] He chose after demobilization in July 1940 to join the police in Heerlen. He did not …

wall: left, row 19-02
Spreksel,
Charles
∗ 1916-07-03
Heerlen
† 1945-01-07
KZ Schömberg, KZ Natzweiler
- Ondergrondse pers - Initial resistance - Group Smit - Heerlen -

Charles Spreksel was the son of Frans Spreksel, a builder, and Agnes Schepens. Since his demobilization he worked as chief window dresser at the Schunck department store in Heerlen. [4] At …

wall: left, row 19-03
Stahl,
Heinrich
∗ 1902-09-12
Kohlscheid
† 0000-00-00
- NSDAP - Heerlen - Survivors -

German mining engineer in Heerlen. He was married to a sister of Pierre Schunck. Worked at the coal mine already before the war and was also the director and co-owner of his father-in-law’s …

More in our story Resistance in Valkenburg
Tempelaars,
Meijnardus Jacobus
Meindert
∗ 1904-06-06
Den Haag
† 1943-05-02
Wellerlooi (Bergen [L])
- April-Mei-stakingen, 1943 - Heerlen -

Meindert Tempelaars was a hewer in the state mine Oranje-Nassau III. Arrested in connection with the miners’ strike on the night of May 1 to 2, 1943. He and
wall: left, row 18-04
Tobben,
Hendrikus Hubertus
Harrie
∗ 1917-08-24
Heerlen
† 1945-03-15
Hameln (D
- Ondergrondse pers - Initial resistance - Ordedienst (O.D.) - Police - Aid to Jews - Pilots’ helpers - Intelligence - Netwerk Bongaerts - Peace Carillon - Heerlen -

Harrie - Harry --> Tobben was a former soldier and after his demobilization by the Germans in 1940 member of the mine police. Was involved, among other things, in acts of sabotage in the …
wall: left, row 19-05
Vinerius /Vienerius,
Engelbert Joseph
∗ 1893-05-10
Rheine
† 1942-11-17
Neuengamme
- Ondergrondse pers - Heerlen - Communists & Sympathizers -

Miner, distributor of De Vonk and De Waarheid, arrested on June 19, 1942, at the same time as Johan Herman Lubben,
wall: middel, row 08-02
Vlemmings,
Lambertus Arnoldus
Lambert
∗ 1918-11-10
Breda
† 1945-02-23
Dachau
- Ondergrondse pers - Initial resistance - Group Smit - Intelligence - Heerlen -

Lambert Vlemmings was a former soldier and after his demobilization by the Germans in 1940 parcel deliveryman at Van Gend & Loos. At the beginning of the war, he distributed underground …
wall: left, row 19-04
Zanders,
Johan(n)
∗ 1898-05-20
Kevelaer
† 1945-04-29
Siegburg
- Communists & Sympathizers - Forced Labor - Heerlen -

Johan Zanders is listed in the index of the CPN Limburg. [1] His card states the following: He was allegedly arrested on August 24, 1934. This is obviously a spelling mistake and should …

n-